Université de Fribourg

Does the strength of facilitation by nurse shrubs depend on grazing resistance of tree saplings?

Vandenberghe, Charlotte ; Smit, Christian ; Pohl, Mandy ; Buttler, Alexandre ; Freléchoux, François

In: Basic and Applied Ecology, 2009, vol. 10, no. 5, p. 427-436

Die Förderung der Baumregeneration durch Ammengebüsche, die einen Schutz gegen große Herbivoren bieten, ist eine wichtige treibende Kraft für die Dynamik von Waldweiden. An dieser Stelle fragten wir uns, ob die Reaktion auf die Förderung durch Ammengebüsch von der Beweidungsresistenz der geschützten Schösslinge abhängt. Wir untersuchten den schützenden Effekt der dornigen Rosa...

Université de Fribourg

Nurse plants, tree saplings and grazing pressure: changes in facilitation along a biotic environmental gradient

Smit, Christian ; Vandenberghe, Charlotte ; Ouden, Jan den ; Müller-Schärer, Heinz

In: Oecologia, 2007, vol. 152, no. 2, p. 265-273

Current conceptual models predict that an increase in stress shifts interactions between plants from competitive to facilitative; hence, facilitation is expected to gain in ecological importance with increasing stress. Little is known about how facilitative interactions between plants change with increasing biotic stress, such as that incurred by consumer pressure or herbivory (i.e....

Université de Fribourg

Safe for saplings; safe for seeds ?

Smit, Christian ; Gusberti, Michele ; Müller-Schärer, Heinz

In: Forest Ecology and Management, 2006, vol. 237, no. (1-3), p. 471-477

In wood pastures spatial associations of tree saplings with nurse structures such as unpalatable plants are generally explained as associational resistance; i.e. reduced herbivory by association with a defended neighbour. However, these associations may result from other underlying processes that occur at the seed stage. Here we tested whether the observed associations between...

Université de Fribourg

Safe sites for tree regeneration in wooded pastures: A case of associational resistance ?

Smit, Christian ; Béguin, Daniel ; Buttler, Alexandre ; Müller-Schärer, Heinz

In: Journal of Vegetation Science, 2005, vol. 16, no. 2, p. 209-214

Question: Are tree saplings in wooded pastures spatially associated with specific nurse structures or plants that facili-tate tree sapling survival? Location: Wooded pastures in the Jura Mountains, Switzer-land. Methods: In two sites, 73 km apart, we sampled 294 plots of4 m², systematically distributed on 1 ha. We recorded number and height of all established Picea abies...

Université de Fribourg

Unpalatable plants facilitate tree sapling survival in wooded pastures

Smit, Christian ; Den Ouden, Jan ; Müller-Schärer, Heinz

In: Journal of Applied Ecology, 2006, vol. 43(2), p. 305

1. In endangered wooded pasture ecosystems established tree saplings are frequently found in spatial association with protective structures, suggesting nurse effects. This associational resistance is thought to be a driving force behind tree regeneration in wooded pastures. Experimental evidence for associational resistance is, however, scarce. We studied the effects of unpalatable plants on tree...